No paying twice
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Paying more when paying for others.
Social behavior is heavily influenced by the perception of the behaviors of others. We considered how perceptions (and misperceptions) of kindness can increase generosity in economic transactions. We investigated how these perceptions can alter behavior in a novel real-life situation that pitted kindness against selfishness. That situation, consumer elective pricing, is defined by an economic t...
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The Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 added a new outpatient prescription drug benefit to Medicare and increased payments to private plans to induce more plan participation in Medicare. We formalize the benefits from these two expansion paths and then estimate a statistical model of plan choice that enables us to quantify these benefits. We find that expansion of drug benefits produced nearly ...
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Imagine a woman named Amina who owns a manufacturing company in Morocco. In 2004 she had to make 28 payments and spend more than 44 days (358 hours) to comply with tax regulations. Today, thanks to changes over the past 7 years, her administrative burden is lighter. The government merged many taxes and eliminated others, and now Amina needs to make only 17 payments a year as measured by Doing B...
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We prove a version of First Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing under transaction costs for discrete-time markets with dividend-paying securities. Specifically, we show that the no-arbitrage condition under the efficient friction assumption is equivalent to the existence of a risk-neutral measure. We derive dual representations for the superhedging ask and subhedging bid price processes of a c...
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W hy do people work? Economic theory generally, and the principal– agent model specifically, emphasize the role of material incentives. The standard assumption is that people work hard only if they receive monetary compensation for doing so. However, a substantial body of evidence contradicts the standard economic model. Many salaried academics, for example, work diligently year after year, con...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1989
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/342336b0